When it comes to the world of medicine, there is so much that comes into play when it deals with sickness and disease. When it comes to getting sick, there are a whole host of reasons why it happens. However, one of the most ironic ways we actually get better is by getting sick through a process called passive immunity. Essentially, your body gets exposed to a disease, like influenza for example, and as a result, you get better because your body learns how to fight it from within. By understanding the importance of passive immunity, you’ll understand how it can be a very good thing, but also, how it can be a very bad thing.

List of Pros of Passive Immunity

1. You Get Stronger
There is an old saying that whatever doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. This is something that plays a big role in the effectiveness of passive immunity. Rather than getting sicker, your body will actually take whatever is hurting your body and learn how to fight it. This is how your immune system gets stronger with age. Without passive immunity, your body would never figure out ways to combat viruses or bacteria. This means that it’s tremendously important to know how to battle these sicknesses if you have serious aspirations of getting healthier or stronger.

2. It Reduced Dependence on Medicine
Thanks to passive immunity, you don’t need to rely on medicine. This means that you can put faith that your body is going to do what it needs to do to make you feel better. Unlike other methods of getting better. passive immunity also ensures that you can save money on expensive procedures or medicines. It is living proof that there is no medicine better than your own body.

List of Cons of Passive Immunity

1. No Guarantees of Success with Every Sickness
One of the biggest issues with passive immunity is that there is no guarantee that you’ll get better from every sickness. Whereas the common cold is something your body can adapt to, something like cancer simply won’t cut it.

2. Risk of Getting Sick Versus Getting Better
If you rely on passive immunity 100-percent of the time, you’re rolling the dice with your health. Sure, sometimes you might get better, but if it’s a serious illness, there is absolutely no guarantee that you’re going to get better.

Be sure to keep these in mind the next time you’re under the weather.

When it comes to hard drives, they are very important because that is essentially the brain of the computer. While many might say the CPU is more like the brain, the fact of the matter is that your hard drive space predicates just how much your computer manages its resources and memory. so rather than thinking of it as any other part of the computer, it’s important to acknowledge just how critical it is to maintain and upkeep this part of your PC. However, one of the most popular methods of doing this is partitioning. Partitioning a hard drive, while a valid way to really improve the flexibility and mobility (in terms of what you can do with your computer) is not without its pros and cons. So it’s important to know all of them before engaging in a hard drive partitioning sequence.

List Of Pros Of Partitioning a Hard Drive

1. Organized
One of the best things about a partitioned hard drive is the fact that it’s neat and organized. Let’s say you have a hard drive with four or five drives. While it is nice to have this much space, the truth is, you’re going to have a lot of messy files laying about. This means that it’s almost impossible to get anything of merit accomplished, so rather than sitting tight and being passive, make it a point to partition the hard drive and get those files organized. With all of those drives compiled and set-up neatly, all of your files, folders, and any other important space-consuming pieces can find a brand new home amongst the newly partitioned hard drives.

2. Data Protection
One of the best things about a partitioned hard drive is the fact that you’ll be able to secure and protect your data. All too often, people commonly set-up a hard drive that doesn’t feature any partitioning. because of this, they would essentially have one giant hard drive disk with all of their information saved to it. As a result, this means any sort of compromised security breach would result in a catastrophic data loss. While some people can afford to lose their data, if you’re someone with lots of important documents and files, a devastating loss of that magnitude could cost you your career or even worse. So rather than taking that risk, by partitioning the hard drive, you can ensure that you have multiple ways of backing up files. Even if one of them get corrupted inadvertently, you’ll at least have the peace of mind of having an extra hard drive to back items up to.

3. Faster Processes
With a partitioned hard drive, it means that information is consolidated and spread about all of the computer’s prime movers. This ensures that you can speedily access files and execute programs, making your computer tremendously more powerful and quick than it used to be. Without a partitioned hard drive, more processes and sequences have to be accessed, meaning that it will just save you time and energy to partition it without any issues.

List Of Cons Of Partitioning a Hard Drive

1. Complicated Process
Partitioning a hard drive, while easy for some, can be very difficult for others. Because of this, it is advised to only consider partitioning as a last resort. There are many other ways you can organize your hard drive, but if you choose to do it in this fashion, you’ll have to be prepared for the consequences. There is no doubt that sometimes the risk of partitioning a hard drive may not be worth it, but without a doubt, even if you decide to go through with it, be prepared for a very drawn out and difficult process.

2. Fake Security Backup
Yes, while partitioning can increase the security of your hard drive, the truth is, you’re more or less giving yourself a false sense of security. This is because that while separating the hard drives is good, there is a lot more that has to come into play before you’re truly backing up your data. For one, if the entire hard disk (that include all of your drives) gets damaged, it means that you’re going to have to find an alternative way to backup your data. It’s almost like having a house. If you partition the hard drive, you’re only moving your valuables to a different room within the house. But if a fire were to burn your house down, even though you moved it to a different room, your valuables are still in big trouble. So rather than relying on a partitioned drive to keep things secure, be sure to have another way to move or store data.

The truth is partitioning your hard drive is not a perfect procedure, but regardless of what option you choose, you have to be prepared for what happens next.

Parenteral nutrition is essentially administration of food or drugs using injections. There are two methods widely used to provide essential nutrients meant for survival and prescribed medicines. One is enteral which is through the mouth or taken orally and the other is parenteral which is an intravenous procedure.

List of Pros of Parenteral Nutrition

1. Fast and Effective Direct Administration
Intravenous injection is deemed the best way to administer medicines as the drug and its constituents are directly injected into the blood. The drug doesn’t have to be ingested, then digested and then absorbed by the blood. The effect of the drug kicks in almost immediately. There is no dependence on the digestive ability of a person. The medicine gets into the bloodstream and has its intended effects without any ambiguity or room for error. The same method is used to provide essential nutrients, which is also effective but there are issues that we shall discuss in the cons.

2. Less Medicine Needed
Since a drug or medicine is injected as a solution using a syringe and the components get delivered directly into the blood stream, very little actual medicine is used in the process. With ingested medicines one has to account for the loss of its components during the digestive process. The need for less medicine doesn’t always reflect in the cost because there is the price of syringes and fees for the nurse or doctor administering the injections.

3. The Only Remedy
In some cases, especially when someone is suffering from serious eating disorders, parenteral nutrition remains the only effective way to provide essential nutrients. The method is also the only remedy when someone is incapable of eating, ingesting or digesting properly.

List of Cons of Parenteral Nutrition

1. Tiresome and Expensive
There is the ongoing cost of syringes, liquid solutions that the drug or essential nutrients must be blended in, the need to have a nurse, doctor or someone who can administer the injection and the overall task of actually injecting the nutrients or medicines make for a tedious repetitive task. Most people don’t like the process after a while. The costs can easily pile up when one has to see a medical or healthcare professional time and again.

2. Safety and Side Effects
There is always a risk of causing injury to the skin, veins or damaging some tissues. There are physical side effects after plenty of injections have been administered. There can be bruises and concealed or unseen wounds.

In the past, offices were the embodiment of paperwork. Office workers were busy sorting and filing some “black and white” documents. You could see them going to work with brief cases filled with paper. Such has been the symbol of office work for a very long time.

However these days, things are very much different. Most offices have already gone digital. Instead of using the old school typewriter, office workers are now using word processor, spreadsheet, and more. In fact, these programs are also becoming obsolete as some companies start using some cloud-based programs such as Google Drive and CRM platforms.

Nowadays, it’s a bit more quiet inside every office. You will no longer hear some noisy typewriters or printers except some keyboard clicks. Is it something that is more advantageous for company owners and employees? For sure, a paperless office has its own pros and cons.

List of Pros of Paperless Office

1. Reduced Cost
Obviously, a paperless office will not any more require you to keep on buying paper. If you are working with tons of paperwork everyday, you can not recycle them for the same task in the same routine. You will have to order more paper so that you will not run out of supply. With the help of computers, software programs, and the internet, documents can be saved and edited electronically.

2. Increased Efficiency
If you rely on paper documents, you need to personally bring it to another person in the office to work on it. Moreover, only one person at a time can read, check, or edit it. This conventional method consumes much time. In a paperless office, documents are created electronically. They can be seen by all users in the same office at the same time and in real time.

3. Quiet Work Environment
It’s always nice to work in a quiet office. This will help you become more productive and accurate in your work because you will be able to focus on tasks with less distractions.

List of Cons of Paperless Office

1. Power Outage
Some office buildings have their own power generators in case of power outage. Although such occurrence is rare, you should not disregard the damage it can cause when it happens. Sudden power disruption may cause you to lose unsaved data or transactions online.

2. Malware Attack
In conventional paper-based offices, malware attack is not a concern except fire hazards. However, the same level of risk awaits a paperless office that is electronically vulnerable to malware.

3. Technical Issues
Even if there is no malware attack, there are times your system will go through some technical issues. This could mean disruption of work or loss of data. Aside from that, frequent issues can greatly reduce your productivity.

Osteopathy deals with musculoskeletal structure of the human body. It is a specialization in medicine that focuses on curing problems in muscles and bones, also in nerves by the virtue of working on the muscles and bones as they are all interconnected. Osteopathy is almost a hundred and fifty years old but manipulation of the musculoskeletal structure dates back several hundreds of years. Osteopathy has its share of advantages and disadvantages.

List of Pros of Osteopathy

1. Noninvasive, No Medication
Osteopathy is noninvasive. There is no surgery. You don’t have to take any medicine. Osteopathy therapies don’t involve any kind of drug. The therapies are almost entirely physical but at times dietary changes are recommended which is not a problem for anyone who is looking for relief to a serious musculoskeletal problem.

2. Relief from Many Ailments
Osteopathy can be used for a plethora of conditions and diseases. Neck pain, back pain, injuries, physical stress or anxiety related stress, tennis elbow, menstrual pain and even asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be treated with osteopathy. Some conditions can be completely treated while others can be partly cured. Relief is certain with every osteopathy therapy.

3. Preventive Therapy
Osteopathy is not only effective in providing relief and curing a few conditions, it is also a preventive practice. Regular osteopathy therapy can replace massages or spa treatments to have better health, to be more agile and to keep musculoskeletal problems at bay. Various physical anomalies can be prevented with effective osteopathy therapy.

List of Cons of Osteopathy

1. Limited Scope
Osteopathy therapy often doesn’t work in serious cases. Extreme injuries, serious anomalies in the muscles or bones or nerves and complicated ailments cannot be treated with osteopathy and it may not offer any relief in some of these cases.

2. Not Recommended in Some Cases
Osteopathy should not be opted for when someone is suffering from bone infection, joint infection or some kind of unexplained inflammation, bone cancer, ligament tear or damage, rheumatoid arthritis and broken, dislocated or fractured bones among others. Osteopathy may worsen some of these ailments.

3. Side Effects
Osteopathy can have some side effects. There can be fatigue, soreness, mild or severe pain and headaches. These side effects are temporary and subside on their own. It is better to avoid any type of osteopathy therapy if you are on anticoagulant or blood thinning medicines. Osteopathy is not recognized as a mainstream practice and is not regulated in the United States.

Whether we are farmers or not, we all know that the success of any plant relies on how it is cared for. Providing the plant with the right amount of water and sun is a good start, however the difference between someone who really knows what plants requires and someone one who just has basic knowledge on how plants grow lies in the fertilizer.

When referring to fertilizers, the term organic generally means that the product has been minimally processed and therefore the nutrients are still bound up in their natural states instead of being extracted and refined. The term is also used to mean that the nutrients contained in the fertilizer are by-products of an organism or purely derived from an organism. Sewage sludge, fish emulsion, blood meal. Cottonseed meal and manure are some examples of organic fertilizers.

Organic fertilizer are normally sold as “soil conditioners” and not fertilizer due to their nutrient ratios being hard to specify. Organic fertilizers can be processed at a farm as a compost or manure or in a factory.

Pros of Organic Fertilizer

1. Apart from releasing nutrients, when organic fertilizers decompose, they improve soil structure increasing the soil’s ability to retain nutrients and water which eventually will make plants and soil strong and healthy.

2. Since organic fertilizers are slow-release, it is rare to over fertilize and harm the plants

3. The chances of toxins, salts, and chemicals building up in the soil are hardly there, therefore, your plants will be safe.

4. Organic fertilizers are biodegradable, renewable, environmentally friendly and also sustainable.

5. Even though they are a bit expensive in packing as compared to other forms of fertilizers, one can easily come up with his/her won composting or opt for inexpensive sources.

Cons of Organic Fertilizer

1. For organic manure to break down and nutrients are released into the soil, microorganisms are required. And because these microorganisms need moisture and warmth to carry out this process, organic fertilizers get limited seasonally. However, the good news is, the decaying matter in the organic manure itself will provide energy.

2. Organic manure decomposes naturally as nature wishes and hence they might not release nutrients as soon as needed. One has to be patient as improvement won’t be realized overnight. In fact, the plants may show signs of nutrients deficiency in the first months of the application as breakdown hasn’t picked up yet.

3. Nutrient ratios are unknown and their overall percentage is less than that of chemical fertilizers.

Organ transplants are a necessity. When organ transplant is the only difference between life and death or life laden with physical and other complications, there cannot really be any two sides of the argument debating the advantages and disadvantages. However, there are some pros and cons of organ transplants that must be discussed in a pragmatic way.

List of Pros of Organ Transplants

1. Life Saver, Facilitator of Better Life
Organ transplant is a life saver, in other words a life giver. Today, a person with an ailing liver, failing kidneys or heart can hope to live with an organ transplant. A blind person can see. An ailing person may become healthy. There is a myriad of amazing stories from around the world, countless lives being saved or changed for the better. Organ transplants don’t just benefit the recipient but also changes the lives of their loved ones.

2. Furthering Science
Organ transplants are a medical marvel. Works of innumerable people over the centuries have contributed to the modern methods of organ donation and transplant. The present methods are also a phase in further evolution of medical science. What was known about and understood of organ transplant a decade or two ago has evolved and today processes are safer, doctors know much more about most organs and this is a continuous process of getting better. Organ transplant thus plays a significant role in furthering our understanding of our own body and hence it advances medical science as we know it.

3. Unmatched Act of Kindness
Organ transplants allow people with perfectly good organs to donate them so someone can live or have a better life. Many people pledge to donate their organs when they die. This is not only an act of kindness but it is almost godly. There can be no greater joy or even accomplishment than to save someone’s life or to improve someone’s life, even if that person is a complete stranger.

List of Cons of Organ Transplants

1. Possible Risks
Organ transplants require surgery. These surgeries are always invasive. There are substantial risks of organ transplants. It is possible a surgery can go wrong, a particular body can reject an organ, there can be side effects after the procedure is done and a new organ doesn’t always assure a better life. There are case studies where people have died even after a successful organ transplant.

2. The Uncertain Wait
The waiting for an organ can be painful. A recipient may wait forever. The organ may not be available in time. The wait is also painful for the family of a deceased donor. A deceased person will be put on life support and shall be kept under observation and in waiting till the organ or organs are meticulously removed.

There are many types of telescopes, the more popular ones being x-ray telescope, ultraviolet telescope, infrared telescope and optical telescope. X-ray telescope uses the range of wavelength of light shorter than ultraviolet. Ultraviolet telescope uses the range of wavelength shorter than the visible light. Infrared telescope uses the range of wavelength longer than the visible light. Optical telescopes use the visible light spectrum. Other types include the sub-millimeter telescope that uses wavelengths longer than infrared light, Fresnel Imager which is a specific technology for optical lens, X-ray optics which uses some wavelengths shorter than ultraviolet light. There are gravitational wave telescope and neutrino telescope as well.

While a telescope in general is in fact an optical device or instrument which helps in observing or seeing remote objects using electromagnetic radiation, an optical telescope uses the visible spectrum of light as seen or observed by the naked human eye. Optical telescopes gather and focus on visible light to form a magnified image of an object and allow a direct view. This visual can be in the form of a photo or moving images. Electronic image sensors can also be used to collect and analyze the data. Optical telescope has three variants. One type uses lenses and hence classified as refractors. One uses mirrors and hence classified as reflectors. The third type combines mirrors and lenses. These are called catadioptric telescopes.

List of Pros of Optical Telescopes

1. Affordable and Available.
Optical telescopes use mirrors or lenses or both. They work with visible light which is the easiest to observe. The materials and the mechanisms are among the simplest. Optical telescopes are cheaper to make and hence more affordable for buyers. The cost and also the nature of its use ensure it is a commonly used device. In other words, they are widely available. You would not have to ransack niche stores or look out for that one company in the world making the instrument.

2. Easy to Use.
Optical telescopes are very convenient to use. They used to be very large before but today you can get small portable ones. It is true that the smaller ones aren’t amazing because they capture very little light so the viewing pleasure is adversely affected. However, you can carry one around, use it anywhere or anytime. There is no restriction to carrying or using optical telescopes. You would need licenses for some types of telescopes.

3. Visual Treat.
Optical telescopes are a visual treat. You would get to see amazing live pictures or images of space, you can focus on a few stars or a cluster, you can look for specific planets or other celestial objects. You can use optical telescopes to capture images and you can then frame these photos for your family and friends to see. Other technologies used in telescopes offer images that may not mean much to most people.

List of Cons of Optical Telescopes

1. Challenge of Weather and Atmospheric Turbulence.
Optical telescopes use visible light which is almost always subject to the influence of local conditions, most notably weather. There are manmade or artificial influences that will impair how visible light is observed and understood but weather remains a larger threat. If direct line of sight is impaired, if the visible light is minimal or weather affects the quantum of light reaching the device then optical telescopes will not function even remotely as they do on a clear night sky. Also, the weather is not confined to the troposphere or stratosphere but spans ionosphere and exosphere before space events play spoilsport. Any kind of turbulence in the higher levels of the atmosphere can affect the light reaching the telescope.

2. Unusable during the Day.
Since visible light is the key component for optical telescopes to work, one has to depend on darkness. Daytime viewing is difficult as the mighty sun and its glorious light makes distant stars almost impossible to observe. Nighttime viewing is amazing but not everyone can stay up late at night for a celestial adventure.

3. Great Optical Telescopes are Big and Heavy.
The best optical telescopes are quite big in size. They are not easy to carry around. In fact, you can forgo portability. You will need to dismantle the whole piece, carry it in your car or van and then set it up at the site where you wish to be. This is both time consuming and laborious. The smallest ones have very little light reaching the lens, mirror or both so they don’t offer vast panoramas or vistas. The big ones or the more advanced ones are also heavy. Many are almost impossible for a single person to carry. Of course there are lighter variants but the big ones are usually installed at one place, not meant to be moved unless it is being shifted onetime to another observatory.

One of the easiest ways to learn something new, then it involves operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is one of the most common ways we learn something because when something happens, whether it’s good or bad, your mind is remembering the action. For example, if you ever burned your hand on the stove as a kid, you learned very quickly that if the stove was hot, that meant that you shouldn’t touch it. That is a prime example of operant conditioning. While it is good, it is not perfect, but it’s quite easy to learn very quickly that it has its positives and negatives.

Operant Conditioning Advantages

When it comes to advantages, you have to consider the fact that it’s the easiest natural way to learn something. It’s one of the best ways to train animals, also. Animals, especially dogs or pigs, tend to learn based on reward or punishment. When you reward an animal for doing something, you’re conditioning it to associate a given action with something positive.

If you hit the dog, you’re using operant conditioning to tell it something negative that it did. By using both of these principles, you’ll be able to successfully integrate the use of operant conditioning to do something positive. Now if you’re still having issues on the other end of the spectrum, it’s also entirely possible that you’re simple not cut out to use operant conditioning, but that’s something you’ll have to do on both ends to ensure that it’s actually positive.

Operant Conditioning Negatives

While it’s very effective, you have to understand that there are a lot of issues with operant conditioning. Many of these are issues that are very hard to trace outside of your given vicinity as well. If you’re having a lot of issues, you’ll have to keep in mind that operant conditioning, although easy, is often too simple to teach very complex concepts. Therefore, if you’re really trying to communicate a really complex or in-depth thing to someone else, you’ll have to be prepared to encounter a lot of issues.

If the same problem were to happen when trying to a concept to an animal or someone else, you’d have to recognize that the operant conditioning is also to blame. Unlike a lot of other methods of instruction, it’s definitely one of the best, but you’ll have to know how it works to use it effectively from top to bottom.

Times have changed a lot over the past just twenty or ten years. Today instead of booking flights and heading to cheap hotels, conference meetings with bosses and coworkers can happen from the comfort of your bedroom. Now you can sit in front of your screen, clad in a suit and tie, while wearing your plaid pajama bottoms! Although, as great as this all sounds, it does make one wonder what we’re losing from doing almost everything online. Now instead of talking with our coworkers and building strong relationships, the growing majority logs onto a computer database where assignments are assigned right there. So the next time you’re preparing for a conference, here are somethings to think about and what makes online conferences so awesome, but also what you risk losing as well.

Advantages of Online Conferencing

1. It’s no secret that being able to wake up late, avoid complicated flight routines and sleeping in your own bed are all advantages to online conferences. Not only is it more comfortable but it’s worlds cheaper.

2. The majority of workplaces don’t cover the fees of travel and lodge, leaving the costs on your shoulders.

3. Online conferences are a much cheaper alternative. Not only is it cheaper, but often times it’s much more flexible.

4. For some one on one work interviews, it makes it much easier to plan when two people can get in front of their computer screens instead of when those two people can meet up on the same day at the same place!

Disadvantages of Online Conferencing

1. Not everyone’s internet is great. That’s a given.

2. Now mix slow internet, with an old computer, a house full of kids and you’ve got yourself a nightmare situation! Not only are technical limitations an issue but, as stated earlier, work relationships don’t bud at all when your meeting each other on the screen, strictly talking about business.

3. In today’s day and age, relationships are becoming more and more shallow, with no depth.

4. This makes people feel even more alone. Talking with coworkers and building relationships no matter how intimidating or aggravating as it may sound it is still important. And with online conference calls it’s becoming more and more scare all together.

No matter what great inventions we have today or will create tomorrow, we’re always losing something. Whether it be friendships made or frustrating internet connections, we still face problems with even the most convenient of creations. So it’s up to you what you want to endure and avoid!